Fields of Advanced Difficulty Theoretical Kinetics: Integrated first- and second-order rate equation; analysis of moderately complex reactions mechanisms using the steady state approximation, the use of the Arrhenius equation. Thermodynamics: Electrochemical cells, the relationship between equilibrium constants, electromotive force and standard Gibbs energy, the variation of the equilibrium constant with temperature. Quantum mechanics: Particle-in-a-box calculations. Spectroscopy: Interpretation of IR spectra and relatively simple 1H, 13C, and 27Al NMR spectra: chemical shifts, multiplicities, coupling constants and integrals. Advanced Inorganic: Trans effect; the use of simple crystal field theory to explain electronic configurations in octahedral and tetrahedral complexes; calculation of the magnetic moment using the spin-only formula. Practical Laboratory techniques: Thin layer chromatography, Extraction, UV – Vis spectroscopy.