Topics of advanced difficulty Theoretical 1. Simple phase diagrams, the Clapeyron and Clausius-Clapeyron equations, triple points. 2. Analysis of complex reactions using steady-state and quasi-equilibrium approximations, mechanisms of catalytic reactions, determination of reaction order for complex reactions. 3. Relation between equilibrium constants, electromotive force and standard Gibbs energy; dependence of Gibbs energy on the reaction mixture composition (isotherm of chemical reaction). 4. Biosynthesis of peptides and proteins: translation, genetic code, canonical amino acids, mRNA and tRNA, codone-anticodone interaction, aminoacyl tRNA synthetases. 5. Reactions of monocyclic homo- and heterocycles with less than 7 carbon atoms in the ring. 6. Redox reactions of hydroxyl, ketone and aldehyde groups. Practical 1. Conductometry 2. Viscometry Whilst it is not explicitly stated in the Regulations, we expect the students to be acquainted with basic synthetic techniques: vacuum filtration, drying of precipitates, determination of melting point and extraction with immiscible solvents.